Sex & Gender Differences — S|GN — Sex & Gender in Neurodegeneration Consortium
Integrating sex and gender into neurodegeneration research — unifying global data and expertise to build more precise, translational science.
The Challenge
How do sex and gender shape Alzheimer's and related dementias — and how can integrating them improve prevention, diagnosis and treatment for everyone?
Approach
Poised to generate the largest harmonized dataset with sex-specific and cognitive measures to interrogate sex differences in ADRD.
Over two decades, the field has established that sex and gender influence ADRD risk, biology, diagnosis and clinical outcomes — yet research infrastructure does not consistently account for them. Those gaps affect the validity and reach of findings across all ADRD research, and closing them takes a coordinated, large-scale approach no single lab or funder can achieve alone.
Supported by the AD Data Initiative, S|GN is building an integrated, sex- and gender-informed research ecosystem in three phases: aggregate, harmonize and analyze existing data; generate targeted new data where gaps remain; and expand cohort participation across institutions and geographies.
Why Sex & Gender Matter
~2 in 3
people living with Alzheimer's are female
60%+
of dementia caregivers are women
~1 in 5
women's estimated lifetime risk at age 65
Source: Alzheimer's Association. 2026 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures (U.S. data).
Key Research Questions
S|GN's work is organized around a set of priority questions on how sex and gender shape ADRD.
APOE & Genetic Risk
Proteomic Sex Differences
Study Design & Participation
Hormones & Biology
Representative questions, not a comprehensive list.
